The wolf that changed America
Lobo the king of Currumpaw
lobo was a north american gray wolf who lived in the currumpaw valley (corrumpa creek) in new mexico. during the 1890s, lobo and his pack, having been deprived of their natural prey such as bison, elk, and pronghorn by settlers, became forced to prey on the settlers' livestock to survive. the ranchers tried to kill lobo and his pack by poisoning animal carcasses, but the wolves removed the poisoned pieces and threw them aside, eating the rest. they tried to kill the wolves with traps and by hunting parties but these efforts also failed. ernest thompson seton was tempted by the challenge and the $1000 bounty for the head of lobo, the leader of the pack. seton tried poisoning five baits, carefully covering traces of human scent, and setting them out in lobo's territory. the following day all the baits were gone, and seton assumed lobo would be dead. later, however, he found the five baits all in a pile covered by wolf feces to show lobo's contempt and mockery of seton's attempt to kill him and the other wolves. seton bought new, specialized traps and carefully concealed them in lobo's territory, but he later found lobo's tracks leading from trap to trap, exposing each. when an effort that was initially supposed to take two weeks stretched into 4 months of failed attempts to capture lobo, seton became tired and frustrated. while camping out above the creek where snow geese and cranes were wintering, he found lobo's track strangely following a set of smaller tracks. quickly he realized lobo's weakness: his mate, a white wolf nicknamed blanca. seton then set out several traps in a narrow passage thinking blanca would fall for seton's planted baits that lobo had thus far managed to avoid. finally, seton succeeded; blanca, while trying to investigate seton's planted cattle head, became trapped. when seton found her, she was whining with lobo by her side. lobo ran to a safe distance and watched as seton and his partner killed blanca and tied her to their horses. seton heard the howls of lobo for two days afterward. lobo's calls were described by seton as having "an unmistakable note of sorrow in it... it was no longer the loud, defiant howl, but a long, plaintive wail." although seton felt remorse for the grieving wolf, he decided to continue his plan to capture lobo. despite the danger, lobo followed blanca's scent to seton's ranch house where they had taken the body. after spotting lobo wandering near his ranch house, seton set more traps, using blanca's body to scent them. prior to this point, lobo hasn't revealed himself to seton even once since he arrived at the currumpaw valley. but now lobo's grief has clearly taken over him and dulled his sense of caution. he was now at his most vulnerable, which seton was well aware of. on january 31, 1894, lobo was caught, with each of his four legs clutched in a trap. on seton's approach, lobo stood despite his injuries and howled. touched by lobo's bravery and loyalty to his mate, seton could not kill him. he and his men roped lobo, muzzled him, and secured him to a horse, taking him back to the ranch. lobo refused to eat or even look at his captors. they secured him with a chain and he just gazed across his fallen kingdom. lobo died that night, 4 hours later, due to a broken heart. lobo's pelt is kept at the ernest thompson seton memorial library and museum at the philmont scout ranch near cimarron, new mexico. until his death in 1946, seton championed the wolf—an animal that had always previously been demonized. "ever since lobo", seton later wrote, "my sincerest wish has been to impress upon people that each of our native wild creatures is in itself a precious heritage that we have no right to destroy or put beyond the reach of our children." seton's story of lobo touched the hearts of many, both in the us and the rest of the world, and was partly responsible for changing views towards the environment and provided a spur for the starting of the conservationist movement. (if you would like to learn about another famous wolf go to my wolf called cassanova) |
